Matope osakanizika amatha kugawidwa mu matope osakanikirana ndi matope osakanikirana molingana ndi njira yopanga. Matope onyowa omwe amapangidwa ndi kuwonjezera madzi amatchedwa madzi onyowa, ndipo osakaniza okhazikika amapangidwa ndi kusakaniza matope osakanikirana. Pali zinthu zambiri zophatikizika zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matope osakanikirana. Kuphatikiza pa zinthu za cememet, ophatikizidwa ndi akwati a mchere, ma admixtiture ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti azitha kusintha ma pulasitiki ake, kusungidwa kwamadzi, kusasinthika ndi zinthu zina. Pali zowonjezera matope osakanizika, zomwe zitha kugawidwa mu cellulose ether ether ether ether, ufa wowuma, wobwezeretsedwanso, bentonite ndi zotero kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a mankhwala. Itha kugawidwa mu ntchito yokongoletsa mpweya, okhazikika, fiberi yotsutsa, yobwezeretsanso, yothandizira othandizira, madzi osokoneza bongo, omwazika ndi otero. Pepala'lo limafotokoza za kupita patsogolo kwa ma akwati ambiri omwe anthu ambiri amakonda m'matope osakanizika.
1.1 Mtumiki wa Air 1.1
Wothandizira ndege ndi mtundu wa othandizira, mitundu wamba ya rosin retin, alkyl ndi alkyl armomatic sulfonic acid. Maolenu a mpweya wabwino ndi gulu la hydrophilic ndi magulu a hydrophobic, omwe amawonjezera matope a Hydrophilic a Adsorte, ndikuwongolera magetsi a simenti, kukonza magwiridwe antchito Matope, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa kusasinthika, kagulu kakang'ono kwa mpweya kumatha kupanga gawo nthawi imodzi, kukonza kayendedwe ka matope ndi kuwiritsa kwa matope.
Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti wopatsa mpweya amatulutsa thovu lalikulu m'matope, omwe amawongolera kugwirira ntchito kwa matope, kumachepetsa kukana kwa kapa kaponda ndi kupopera mbewu. Kuphatikiza kwa wothandizila kwa mpweya kumachepetsa mphamvu ya matope, ndipo kutaya mtima kwaubwenzi kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mlingo. Wogwira ntchitoyo amatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa matope, kutayika kwa 2h kusasinthika ndi kusunga madzi, ndikusintha kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa matope opopera. Komabe, zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zamphamvu zatheke ndi mphamvu zolimba.
Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti popanda kuganizira momwe ma cellulose, kuwonjezerera kwa mpweya kumachepetsa kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kumachepa. Pophunzira matope osintha matope a cellulose ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether, imapezeka kuti kusinthidwa kwa mpweya wopatsa chidwi ndi cellulose ether ayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kusakaniza. Cellulose ether zingayambitse kulephera kwa wothandizira wa mpweya, kuti malo osungitsa madzi atontho azikhala.
Kugwirira kwa matope kumayendetsedwa ndi chisakanizo cha ntchito yokongoletsa mpweya ndi kutsika kwa shrinkage. Wang Quanlei adazindikira kuti kuphatikiza kwa mpweya wowuma kwa mpweya kunawonjezeka kwa matope, ndipo kuphatikiza kwa matope ocheperako kwa matope, onse omwe amatha kuchedwetsa mphete ya matope. Awiriwo akasakanikirana, matope a matope sasintha kwambiri, ndipo kusokonekera kwa ngozi kumakulitsidwa.
1.2 obwezeretsedwanso
Ufa wokwezeka wa latx ndi gawo lofunikira la matope owuma masiku ano. Ndiwosungunuka wosungunuka wamadzi wokhazikika wopangidwa ndi polima emulsion motenthetsera ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuponderezedwa kwakukulu, kupukuta kwapadera, chithandizo chapamwamba komanso njira zina. Roger amakhulupirira kuti emulsion yopangidwa ndi ufa wa matope a simenti amatha kupanga matope filimu ya polymer mkati mwa matope, omwe angakuthandizeni kufooka kwa zowonongeka.
Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti ufa wokwezeka wa latx umatha kukonza zotupa komanso zovuta za nkhaniyi, sinthani matope a matope atsopano, ndipo ali ndi madzi ena ochepetsa madzi. Gulu lake lidayendera dongosolo la chivindikiro cha chithokomiro champhamvu cha matope ndikufika pomaliza monga Yosihiko Ohama, kuti ufa wa latx umatha kubalanda matope omwe amapezeka ndi kutentha kwachilengedwe komanso chinyezi. Wanga kuti agwiritsenso ntchito kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa XCT kuti aphunzire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matope a matope, ndikukhulupirira kuti matope osinthika mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi kuchuluka kwa mabowo komanso kuchuluka kwa mabowo.
Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti pamene kuchuluka kwa mphira wosinthidwa ndi 1.0% ~ 1.5%, katundu wa ma gradus osiyanasiyana a ufa wa mphira umakhala wabwino. Pambuyo powonjezera ufa wokwezeka wa latlex, koyambirira kwa simenti kumachepetsa, simenti ya simenti imakutidwa ndi filimu ya polymer, ndipo simenti ndi hydration kwathunthu.
Kudzera mu phunziroli, zimapezeka kuti ufa wosinthidwa waposachedwa mu matope a simenti amathanso kukhala ndi gawo lothetsa madzi, ndipo simenti ya latex ndi simenti imatha kupanga matope olimba, ndikusintha matope.
Mu phunziroli, gawo lokhazikika la simenti linali 1: 2.5, kusasinthika kunali (70 ± 5) mm, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ufa wa mphira umasankhidwa kukhala 0-3% ya unyinji wa simenti. Kusintha kwa ma microscopic katundu wa matope osinthika adasanthuridwa ndi sem. Zotsatira zake zinawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwapamwamba kwambiri kusakaniza kwalasex yowonjezeredwa, filimu yopitilira muyeso yomwe imapangidwa pansi pa matope a matope, komanso bwino matope omwe amayenda bwino.
Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti mutasakanikirana ndi matope ndi simenti atakhazikika, ndikupanga mawonekedwe athunthu pakati pa matope a matope amphamvu.
1.3 ufa wokulirapo
Ntchito ya ufa wokulirapo ndikusintha matope okwanira, omwe amapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, ma polics orwor, okonda zida zina. Ufa wokulirapo umaphatikizapo ufa wokwezeka, bentonite, chotupa cham'madzi, ndi zina zambiri, komanso zomwe zili ndi matope ena a simenti, omwe amatha kusintha mitundu yonse ya matope. CAO Ch et al.] Anaphunzira zotsatira za HJ-C2 kukula kwa matope owuma, ndipo zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti ufa wowuma sunasinthe. Ufa wotchuka ufa unaphunzitsidwa pansi pa milingo yazinthu komanso mndandanda wazomwe zathupi ndi makina, kukhazikika kwa matope atsopano, kuchepetsedwa kwa matope a matope, kuchepetsedwa kwa matope Cellulose ether ndi zonunkhira zamchere zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zopondereza komanso zopanda magazi zimatha. Zinthu zonsezi zimakhudza kukhazikika kwa matope, ndipo zimapangitsa kuti kuchepa kwa matole matole. Wang Jun, monga Bentonite ndi cellulose ether adawerengedwa pambuyo pa mndandanda wa matope osakanizika, poyerekeza ndi makilomita 10
1.4 cellulose ether
Cellulose amachokera ku tanthauzo la mbewu ya cell khoma ndi Anly Anselme Paton mu 1830s. Amapangidwa ndi cellulose ku mitengo ndi thonje ndi koustic koloko koloko ndipo ndikuwonjezera ma alengukulu. Chifukwa ma cellulose ether ali ndi madzi abwino madzi, kukulitsa, kotero mutatha kuwonjezera ma cengulose pang'ono mu simenti, amatha kusewera bwino matope a matope atsopano. Zipangizo za Smental-zochokera ku Ether, cellulose exose zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu ya methyl cellulose etherl celyl ethel ethelose ether ether ether ether ether ether. Hydroxyethyl methl cellulose ether ether ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Amapezeka kuti hydroxypropyl a methylcellulose ether (hpmc) ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri pamtundu, kusungidwa kwamadzi komanso kulimba kwa bondo. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti ethel ether imatha kusintha madzi osungira matope a matope, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matope, ndikusewera mobwerezabwereza. Kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl methy cellouse ether ether ali pakati pa 0,02% ndi 0.04%, mphamvu ya matope mwachionekere imachepetsedwa. Kutengera kusintha kwa zomwe zili mu proyl methl cellulose ether, zotsatira za proyll meth cellulose ethel ethel ethel celtor zidakambidwa. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti ma cellulose ether ali ndi mphamvu ya mpweya wogwira ntchito ndikuwongolera matope a matope, ndipo madzi ake osungidwa amachepetsa matope a matope ndikuthandizira nthawi ya matope. Ndiko kusakaniza kothandiza kusintha matope. Phunziroli lidapezekanso kuti zomwe zili ndi cellulose ether siziyenera kukhala zazitali kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa matope, kuwonongeka kwa matope. ZHAN ZHENFFEE et al. Anaphunzira kutengera kwa cellulose ether pa matope osakanikirana. Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti kuwonjezera kwa cellulose ethel kunali bwino kwambiri kusungidwa ndi madzi, ndipo adachepetsa madzi. Ma cellulose ether adachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa matope, nthawi yayitali ndi nthawi yokhazikika, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yotheratu. Cellulose ether ndi ether ether ndi mitundu iwiri ya ma adminibtoxtoxtoxtoxtoxtoxill yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga matope. Zotsatira zake zophatikizira zawo mu matope owuma pazinthu za matope omwe amaphunziridwa. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza kwawo kumatha kusintha matope a bondo.
Akatswiri ambiri aphunzira kutengera kwa cellulose pa mphamvu ya matope a simenti. Komabe, chifukwa cha mitundu ya cellulose ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, ntchito yosinthidwa imasiyanasiyana bwino. Ou Zhihua cellulose ethel ether adaphunziridwa monga mawonekedwe a matope a Spear, omwe ali ndi mphamvu yotsekereza ceremer, ndikukhazikika, ndikuwonjezera pang'ono njira yosinthira.
Pomaliza 2
. Pakadali pano kusowa kwa kusanthula kwakukulu pazomwe zimachitika pakusintha kwa mapangidwe a simenti, kugwirizanitsa kwa kusokonekera kwa simenti komanso njira yogwirizira.
. Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya khoma, kuchuluka kwa nkhope ndi kuyankha kwa madzi ndi zofuna zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zofunikira za matope osakanikirana. Nyengo zosiyanasiyana, kutentha, liwiro la mphepo, mphamvu ya makina ogwiritsira ntchito ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito opaleshoniyo imakhudzanso kugwiritsa ntchito matope okonzeka. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino ntchito mu ukadaulo, matope osakanizika azikhala ndi kapangidwe kake komanso kadedwe, ndipo mulingalire zofunikira za mzere wa bizinesi ndi mtengo, chitsimikiziro cha kupanga labotale cha labotale, kuti mukwaniritse kutsanzira kwakukulu.
Post Nthawi: Feb-20-2025