Kodi matope owuma ndi otani?

Zowonjezera-zosakaniza zowonjezera ndi kalasi yazinthu za mankhwala kapena zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha matope owuma. Izi zowonjezerazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zinthu zosiyanasiyana za matope, monga mphamvu zambiri, zolimbana ndi zolimba, kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za malo ogwiritsira ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Matope owuma ndi malo omanga malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maso, popata, pansi pamtunda ndi ntchito ina. Kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kumathandizira kwambiri kusinthasintha ndikuchita.

(1) Kugawika kwa matope owuma

1. Mtumiki wololera
Wothandizira madzi (monga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hpmc) kuzengereza madzi ndi kupititsa patsogolo madzi a matope, potero kukonza madzi ndi olerera panthawi yomanga. Wothandizira madzi amathanso kuchepetsa ming'alu ndi shrinkagege.

2. Thickener
Thickener (monga vinyl mowa wa vinyl woledzera, Eva) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera matope a matope, kuwonjezera zotsatsa zake komanso zinthu zotsutsa, kuti chinyamacho sichiphweka chokanira panthawi yomanga.

3.
Zovuta (monga polycaxtlates) zimatha kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa matope a matope mwa matope, kuchepetsa kuchitika, ndikusintha madzi ndi matope omanga matope.

4. Madzi ochepetsa madzi
Madzi amadzi (monga sulfoning Nambolene formaldene formalden, snf) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa simenti ya mmato, potero kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwake, ndipo amatha kusinthanso mphamvu.

5. Othandizira madzi
Othandizira madzi (monga Silanes) amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matope ndi kukonza madzi kulowa m'madzi, komwe ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo ogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zimafunikira magwiridwe antchito.

6. Othandizira Oyambirira
Mankhwala oyambira (monga calcium carbonate) amatha kuthamangitsa chitukuko cha matope, kuti chizikhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu munthawi yochepa, yomwe ndi yoyenera kwa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kupanga mwachangu.

7..
Othandizira Okhazikika (monga Lugno Sulponites) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambitsa thovu yaying'ono komanso yunifolomu kuti musinthe matope ndi kukhazikika kwa matope.

8.
Othandizira anti-settingling (monga Bentonite) amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kusokonekera kwa matope olimba mu matope, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali matope ndi zomangamanga.

(2) Ntchito zouma-zosakaniza zowonjezera matope

1. Sinthani ntchito zomanga
Zowonjezera zosakanikizana ndi matope zimatha kusintha matope a matope. Mwachitsanzo, otuwa ndi othandizira osungira madzi amatha kusintha madzi osungidwa ndi matope, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwira ntchito panthawi yomanga pomwe mukuchepetsa kusamba.

2. Thandizani Mphamvu
Zowonjezera monga ufa wa polider ndipo zowonjezera zimatha kusintha mphamvuyo pakati pa matope ndi gawo lapansi, motero imalimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa matope ndi kupatukana.

3. Kusanja kulimba
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ma antifull ofooka kumatha kusintha kukhazikika kwa matope ndikuwathandiza kuti akhale ndi moyo wautali m'malo mwa zinthu zovuta. Othandizira madzi amachepetsa kulowa m'madzi, pomwe othandizira a mpweya amathandizira kukana mizere yozungulira.

4. Thamangitsani kulimbikitsa ndi kuuma
Othandizira amathandizira matope ndi matope a matope, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mufikire mphamvu zofunikira zomanga nthawi yochepa ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za ntchito yomanga.

5.. Kusintha madzi
Pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi osamwa, madzimadzi amadzimasintha ndipo amatha kuzolowera zomangamanga zosiyanasiyana, monga kuthira ndi kudzaza.

(3) Kugwiritsa ntchito matope owuma
Zowonjezera zouma-zosakaniza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza koma osangokhala:

1. Matalala matope
M'mapulo amisala, zowonjezera zimatha kukonza zotsatsa komanso mphamvu zochulukitsa matope ndikuwonetsetsa kuti khomalo.

2. Kutayika matope
Matope omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma pulasitala amafunikira katundu wabwino komanso wosalala. Zowonjezera monga otsatsa ndi osungira madzi osungira madzi zimatha kukonza madzi ndi kusungidwa kwamadzi kwa matope ndikuchepetsa ming'alu yochepa.

3.. Tile zomatira
Zilonda za Tile zimafuna zomatira kwambiri komanso zoletsa. Zowonjezera monga polymode glass ufa ndi tackiriers zimatha kukwaniritsa izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti cholumikizira cha matailosi.

4.. Pansi patavala
Chitontho cha pansi chimafuna madzi abwino komanso kusokonekera. Madzi ochepetsa ndi omwazika amatha kusintha zinthuzi ndikukwaniritsa zomanga pansi.

5. Matope Otsimikiza
Matope omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito povutira nthawi zambiri amawonjezera zida zotupa komanso othandizira madzi kuti azitha kusintha magwiridwe ake ndi kukana madzi, ndipo ndizoyenera kuti makina azitulukapo.

(4) Kukhazikitsa kwa matope owuma

1. Zachilengedwe
Zowonjezera zachilengedwe zimayang'ana pa nkhani yapano. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovulaza ndipo kumapangitsa zinthu zopangidwa mwatsopano ndikowongolera mtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, cellulose ndi zobzala zamafuta zimasintha pang'onopang'ono zowonjezera zamankhwala zowonjezera.

2. Zowonjezera zambiri
Popita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, zowonjezera zowonjezera zodziwika bwino zayamba pang'ono. Amatha kusintha zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi, monga kusungidwa kwamadzi, kugwirizanitsa, kugwirizanitsa, ndi zina zophweka.

3. Nanotechnology
Kugwiritsa ntchito nanotechnology mu matope owonjezera matope omwe amapezeka pang'onopang'ono. Ma nanomatadium amatha kusintha zinthu zomwe ma mucrostcopic ndi macroscopic, monga kuwonjezera nyonga ndi kukonza kulimba.

4. Zinthu zanzeru
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zanzeru m'gawo lomangako kwayambanso kukopa chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, zowonjezera zochiritsa zimatha kukonza ming'alu yamatope, kufalitsa moyo wa ntchito, ndikusintha chitetezo.

5.
Pazofunikira zosiyanasiyana zomanga zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, kupereka zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi njira yosinthiratu, yomwe imafunikira kapangidwe kake malinga ndi mawonekedwe a mapulojekiti apadera.

Zowonjezera zouma zouma zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pantchito yomanga. Mwa kukonza magwiridwe antchito, kulimbikira kulimba ndi kulimba kwa matope, kumapereka zofunikira zodalirika pazomangamanga. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndi kusintha kwa kufunika kwa msika, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera azikhala oyenera komanso ogwira ntchito. Kuzindikira ndi Kuzindikira Mitundu, ntchito ndi mapulogalamu azowonjezera matope owuma ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mukonze bwino kumanga ndi luso la zomangamanga.